{"id":14263,"date":"2021-12-02T14:29:19","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T06:29:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/essentials\/higher-degree-by-research\/ethics-safety\/radiation-safety\/"},"modified":"2022-08-04T15:33:17","modified_gmt":"2022-08-04T07:33:17","slug":"radiation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/essentials\/higher-degree-by-research\/ethics-safety\/radiation\/","title":{"rendered":"Radiation safety"},"content":{"rendered":"<mimas-block \n        block-name=\"article-overlay\"\n        role=\"complementary\"\n        aria-label=\"Article overlay\"\n        data-segment=\"all\">\n\n    \n\n                                            <img decoding=\"async\"\n                src=\"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/12\/DSC_5630_1500-aspect-ratio-2-1.jpg\"\n                alt=\"3 students sitting on a bench\"\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/12\/DSC_5630_1500-aspect-ratio-2-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/12\/DSC_5630_1500-aspect-ratio-2-1-740x370.jpg 740w, https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/12\/DSC_5630_1500-aspect-ratio-2-1-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/12\/DSC_5630_1500-aspect-ratio-2-1-1000x500.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/12\/DSC_5630_1500-aspect-ratio-2-1.jpg 1067w, https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/12\/DSC_5630_1500-aspect-ratio-2-1.jpg 1067w, https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/12\/DSC_5630_1500-aspect-ratio-2-1-480x240.jpg 480w, https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/12\/DSC_5630_1500-aspect-ratio-2-1.jpg 1067w, https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/12\/DSC_5630_1500-aspect-ratio-2-1.jpg 1067w\"\n                sizes=\"(min-width: 2560px) 2560px, (min-width: 1920px) 1920px, (min-width: 1440px) 1440px, (min-width: 1024px) 1024px, (min-width: 768px) 768px\" loading=\"lazy\">\n    \n    <div class=\"article-overlay__content\">\n        \n                    <p>If your research or teaching involves radioactive substances, high powered lasers, x-ray or neutron emitting apparatus and UV transilluminators, you must abide by the restrictions imposed by the Radiation Safety Act 1975 and associated regulations.<\/p>\n\n        \n            <\/div>\n\n<\/mimas-block>\n\n\n<mimas-block \n        block-name=\"cards\"\n        data-segment=\"dom\">\n\n    \n\n        <div class=\"card-grid\"\n         data-card-size=\"standard\"         data-card-count=\"2\"\n         data-card-background=\"gray\">\n                    <div  id=\"\" class=\"card\" data-type=\"\" aria-label=\"\"><div class=\"inner\"><div class=\"card__title\"><h3><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"card__content\"><p>All such substances and instruments must be registered and most can only be used under the supervision of a suitably qualified individual with an appropriate WA government issued licence.<\/p><p>All Curtin projects using such materials and instruments must be approved by the University Radiation Safety Committee before work commences.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>                    <div  id=\"\" class=\"card\" data-type=\"\" aria-label=\"\"><div class=\"inner\"><div class=\"card__title\"><h3><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"card__content\"><p>If you&#8217;re planning radiation related work or have questions about radiation safety, contact your local <strong>radiation safety supervisor (RSS)<\/strong>. To comply with workplace procedures, you must report any accidents or incidents and raise any safety, health or security concerns with the RSS. Each individual is responsible for taking reasonably practicable steps to ensure their own safety when working with radiation.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>            <\/div>\n<\/mimas-block>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Apply for radiation project approval<\/h2>\n\n\n<mimas-block \n        block-name=\"accordion\"\n        role=\"complementary\"\n        aria-label=\"Accordion content\"\n        data-segment=\"all\">\n\n                \n\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Before-starting\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Before-starting\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Before-starting\">Before starting<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Before-starting\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>Before starting any work involving radioactive substances, high powered lasers (class 3B or 4), x-ray or neutron emitting apparatus or UV transilluminators, you must have approval from the\u00a0<strong>Radiation Safety Officer or Committee<\/strong>. If your supervisor already has approval to cover your work, they can apply for an amendment to add your name to their project. If not, you must start a new application.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-How-to-apply-for-approval\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"How-to-apply-for-approval\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-How-to-apply-for-approval\">How to apply for approval<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"How-to-apply-for-approval\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>To apply,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/infoed.curtin.edu.au\/\">log into InfoEd<\/a>\u00a0using your Curtin credentials, create a new record, and go through the process for \u00e2\u20ac\u0153InfoEd Radiation Project UserGuide &#8211; Create New Application\u00e2\u20ac\u009d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Note for students:<\/strong>\u00a0In the Chief Investigator screen you must delete your name and add your supervisor&#8217;s name. Add yourself as co-investigator and click save to be able to go back into the system and see the form. If you are a staff member but submitting as a student make sure you use your student credentials.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Who-reviews-the-application?\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Who-reviews-the-application?\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Who-reviews-the-application?\">Who reviews the application?<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Who-reviews-the-application?\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>The application will be reviewed by:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The Chief investigator for the project<\/li>\n<li>The Radiation licence holder(s) for the substances or equipment<\/li>\n<li>The local\u00a0<strong>Radiation Safety Supervisor<\/strong>\u00a0(or, if this role is vacant, the Head of School)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-After-review\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"After-review\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-After-review\">After review<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"After-review\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>After review, the University Radiation Safety Officer (RSO) will triage your application as either Low-Risk or High-Risk. Low-Risk applications will be processed by the University RSO, whereas High-Risk applications will be assessed by the Radiation Safety Committee.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n        \n<\/mimas-block>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Licensing and training for radiation users<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>All projects involving radioactive substances, class 3B or 4 lasers, x-ray or neutron apparatus or UV transilluminators must be conducted under the supervision of a suitably qualified person with an appropriate WA Government issued licence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The licence holder must ensure that all radiation users have an adequate level of information, instruction, training and supervision to carry out their duties in a safe manner on a day-to-day basis and that the radiation work is conducted in accordance with their licence conditions and local radiation working rules.<\/p>\n\n\n<mimas-block \n        block-name=\"accordion\"\n        role=\"complementary\"\n        aria-label=\"Accordion content\"\n        data-segment=\"all\">\n\n                \n\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-How-to-get-a-licence\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"How-to-get-a-licence\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-How-to-get-a-licence\">How to get a licence<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"How-to-get-a-licence\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>To get a licence, you must:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Pass an appropriate course accredited by the WA Regulatory body, the Radiological Council. (See the latest list of courses on the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.radiologicalcouncil.wa.gov.au\/Pages\/RadiationSafetyCoursesAndExaminations.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Radiological Council courses webpage<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Fill in the appropriate licence application form. (Download from the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.radiologicalcouncil.wa.gov.au\/Pages\/Licensing.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Radiological Council licence webpage<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Contact the <strong>University Radiation Safety Officer (RSO)<\/strong>\u00a0to request a letter of support for your application (necessary for first time applicants only).<\/li>\n<li>Send the application to the Radiological Council together with payment.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>You can get a licence for one or three years, and the Radiological Council will send you a renewal notice just before your licence expires. If you plan to continue work, you must renew your licence and submit a copy of your new licence on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/infoed.curtin.edu.au\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">InfoEd<\/a>.\u00a0Contact the\u00a0<strong>University RSO<\/strong>\u00a0for assistance or further advice.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Training-for-unlicensed-users\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Training-for-unlicensed-users\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Training-for-unlicensed-users\">Training for unlicensed users<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Training-for-unlicensed-users\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>Anyone working under the supervision of a licence holder must have a level of training appropriate to the work they are conducting. This training can be one of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.radiologicalcouncil.wa.gov.au\/Pages\/RadiationSafetyCoursesAndExaminations.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WA Regulator accredited courses<\/a>\u00a0or an equivalent level qualification. The licence holder must retain documentary evidence of the training of each user under their supervision.<\/p>\n<p>For projects involving quantities of radioactive substances below an exempt limit, lasers with power below class 3B, other sources of UV, infrared, microwaves, radiofrequencies, magnetic fields, infrasound or ultrasound, it isn&#8217;t necessary for anyone to have a licence. If the equipment is used in accordance with the manufacturer&#8217;s instructions then it&#8217;s sufficient to ensure users read the safe working procedures and risk assessments for the apparatus and undergo training on its use. The supervisor must retain documentary evidence of the training of each user under their supervision.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n        \n<\/mimas-block>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Acquisition, storage and disposal of radioactive materials<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You must follow&nbsp;specific&nbsp;processes for acquiring, storing and disposing of radioactive material.<\/p>\n\n\n<mimas-block \n        block-name=\"accordion\"\n        role=\"complementary\"\n        aria-label=\"Accordion content\"\n        data-segment=\"all\">\n\n                \n\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Ordering\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Ordering\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Ordering\">Ordering<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Ordering\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>You must submit a radiation\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/essentials\/higher-degree-by-research\/ethics-safety\/radiation\/\">project application or amendment<\/a>\u00a0before you purchase any new radioactive material, class 3B or 4 laser, x-ray instrument or transilluminator. Some facilities may require modifications to accommodate certain radionuclide activity levels or types of equipment. For repeat orders of radioactive materials already covered by an existing project it is only necessary for you to inform the local\u00a0<strong>Radiation Safety Supervisor (RSS)<\/strong>\u00a0to ensure activity limits for the location are not exceeded.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Importing\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Importing\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Importing\">Importing<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Importing\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>If you&#8217;re ordering radioactive materials from overseas, you must obtain an import permit from the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.arpansa.gov.au\/Regulation\/Permits\/index.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency<\/a>\u00a0(ARPANSA). Failure to obtain a permit will result in the shipment being held by Customs. Complete the relevant form (leaving licensee name and licence number fields blank) and submit it to the\u00a0<strong>Radiation Safety Officer (RSO)<\/strong>. The RSO will provide the University licence details and submit the form to ARPANSA. Payment is to be made by the group\/department ordering the radionuclide(s).<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Storage-and-usage\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Storage-and-usage\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Storage-and-usage\">Storage and usage<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Storage-and-usage\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>Every radiation laboratory is registered with the State regulatory authority to store or use a maximum activity of radioactive material or make use of a specific laser, x-ray or transilluminator. The RSS will have a copy of the registered limits and equipment. Inform the RSO and local RSS immediately if radioisotopes in excess of the registered activity limits or new equipment is to be stored, used or moved to another University area not already approved on an existing project. In such an instance you must submit a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/essentials\/higher-degree-by-research\/ethics-safety\/radiation\/\">radiation\u00a0project application or amendment<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Records-and-receipts\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Records-and-receipts\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Records-and-receipts\">Records and receipts<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Records-and-receipts\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>You must keep and regularly update records following the movement of radioactive substances and radiation equipment. Records must detail the properties of the substances or equipment, supplier, arrival date, use details, disposal method and disposal date. You should include comments on the form of packaging and perhaps the quality of the packaging. Obtain signed receipts where possible.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n        \n<\/mimas-block>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Facility requirements<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Laboratories containing radioactive materials, x-ray instruments or class 3B or 4 lasers must comply with legislative requirements. The requirements can be quite extensive and may depend upon the work conducted there.&nbsp;Contact the <strong>University Radiation Security Officer (RSO)<\/strong>&nbsp;before you establish any new facility. You must still gain approval&nbsp;for each project even if the project is within an established facility.<\/p>\n\n\n<mimas-block \n        block-name=\"accordion\"\n        role=\"complementary\"\n        aria-label=\"Accordion content\"\n        data-segment=\"all\">\n\n                \n\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Requirements-for-radioisotope-facilities\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Requirements-for-radioisotope-facilities\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Requirements-for-radioisotope-facilities\">Requirements for radioisotope facilities<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Requirements-for-radioisotope-facilities\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>All laboratories using radioactive materials must be approved for use by the WA State Government Regulator before any work is conducted. The Regulator will assess the architectural, plumbing and ventilation plans for the laboratory to decide if the laboratory is suitable for radioactive materials work. Architectural, plumbing or ventilation changes can be time consuming and costly, so contact the RSO to begin the approval process many months before work commencing in case the Regulator requires changes.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Requirements-for-laser-facilities\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Requirements-for-laser-facilities\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Requirements-for-laser-facilities\">Requirements for laser facilities<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Requirements-for-laser-facilities\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>Laser facility requirements are detailed in the Radiation Safety (General) Regulations 1983 and refer to Australian Standard AS\/NZS 2211.1:2004 for specific items. Allow time before work commencing to ensure these requirements are met. In some cases it may take a few months to arrange for the laboratory to have the appropriate security and safety systems in place.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Requirements-for-x-ray-facilities\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Requirements-for-x-ray-facilities\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Requirements-for-x-ray-facilities\">Requirements for x-ray facilities<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Requirements-for-x-ray-facilities\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>Rooms containing x-ray generating instruments, whether for analysis or diagnostic purposes, may require walls and windows to have appropriate shielding. The WA State Government Regulator must approve the plans for the facility prior to work commencing. The room where the apparatus is located and the surrounding area may also be required to undergo a three month radiation survey when work begins, or at any other time as specified by the Regulator, to confirm radiation levels are below the legislated limits.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n        \n<\/mimas-block>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Methods of disposal<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If any radioactive material, class 3B or 4 laser, x-ray instrument or transilluminator is to be disposed of or moved to another organisation, you must inform the RSO and local RSS so they can update the registration details. The&nbsp;method of disposal&nbsp;depends on the type of material or equipment. For disposal of radioactive materials it may be necessary to store them to allow for radioactive decay. If so, Curtin has a Radiation Waste Storage facility for this purpose &#8211;&nbsp;contact the <strong>RSO<\/strong>&nbsp;for access. The group\/department disposing of the radioactive materials or radiation equipment is responsible for the costs of disposal.<\/p>\n\n\n<mimas-block \n        block-name=\"accordion\"\n        role=\"complementary\"\n        aria-label=\"Accordion content\"\n        data-segment=\"all\">\n\n                \n\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Disposal-of-radiation-equipment\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Disposal-of-radiation-equipment\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Disposal-of-radiation-equipment\">Disposal of radiation equipment<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Disposal-of-radiation-equipment\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>Final disposal of any irradiating apparatus or electronic product must be carried out by a licensed service person in accordance with the methods below:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>X-ray equipment<br \/>\n<\/strong>At minimum the x-ray tube must be disabled, by eliminating the vacuum inside the x-ray tube by physically breaking the glass envelope, and the high-tension cables must be severed, to render the equipment inoperable. It would also be preferable to\u00a0remove the circuit board controlling the high voltage generator where possible.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lasers<\/strong><br \/>\nRemoving the power supply (by severing the cord) and removing the critical optical components and the amplifying medium to render the equipment inoperable.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transilluminators<\/strong><br \/>\nRemoving the power supply (by severing the cord) and removing the UV lights from the unit and destroying them will render the equipment inoperable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Disposal-of-liquid-radioactive-waste-(water-soluble)\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Disposal-of-liquid-radioactive-waste-(water-soluble)\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Disposal-of-liquid-radioactive-waste-(water-soluble)\">Disposal of liquid radioactive waste (water soluble)<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Disposal-of-liquid-radioactive-waste-(water-soluble)\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p>Liquid radioactive waste is best disposed of via the sewer system. Such waste must only be disposed of via flushing sinks connected to approved radioactive drains provided for this purpose.<\/p>\n<p>Ensure that the activity per flush is below the legal dilution concentration limit for each radionuclide and that the waste complies with the Water Corporation&#8217;s &#8216;Acceptance criteria for trade waste&#8217;.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Disposal-of-sealed,-solid-or-liquid-(non-soluble)-radioactive-waste\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Disposal-of-sealed,-solid-or-liquid-(non-soluble)-radioactive-waste\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Disposal-of-sealed,-solid-or-liquid-(non-soluble)-radioactive-waste\">Disposal of sealed, solid or liquid (non-soluble) radioactive waste<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Disposal-of-sealed,-solid-or-liquid-(non-soluble)-radioactive-waste\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <h4>Segregation<\/h4>\n<p>You must segregate waste according to the radionuclide and the type of waste. For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sealed sources<\/li>\n<li>Biological material (e.g. food, animal carcasses)<\/li>\n<li>Sharps (e.g. syringes, broken glass)<\/li>\n<li>Scintillation cocktail from counting tubes<\/li>\n<li>General laboratory waste (e.g. gloves, paper towels)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Long-lived radionuclides must not exceed the following activity box limits:<\/p>\nwpDataTable with provided ID not found!\n<h4>Packaging<\/h4>\n<p>Seal solid waste in a red plastic bag. Other liquid waste must be sealed in a screw top bottle or vial before being sealed in a red plastic bag. Any sharps, such as needles or broken glass, must be enclosed in a hard container (metal tin or plastic sharps container).<\/p>\n<p>The red plastic bag or hard container must be placed in a cardboard box or multi-walled paper bag with the words &#8216;Radioactive material&#8217; printed clearly on the outside.<\/p>\n<p>The box or bag must then be sealed with tape that is suitable for storage (50 mm wide masking tape is commonly used).<\/p>\n<h4>Labelling<\/h4>\n<p>Label the waste box or bag with the type of waste it contains together with a contact name and location of where the waste comes from.<\/p>\n<p>Write the radionuclide and provide an estimate of total activity. Only use units of activity (Bq, Ci and their derivatives). Do not use other units such as counts per second or Bq per mL.<\/p>\n<h4>Transportation<\/h4>\n<p>Confirm whether the activity of the waste is low enough to be transported as an &#8216;excepted package&#8217;.<\/p>\n<p>Liaise with the University Radiation Safety Officer to arrange a time for delivery to the University radiation waste store and transport the waste at the designated time.<\/p>\n<p>Ensure the waste is handed directly to staff at the store. Do not leave radioactive waste unattended at any time.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n        \n<\/mimas-block>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Radiation monitoring<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The objective of radiation monitoring is to ensure that existing safety procedures are effective at keeping dosage and exposures from scattered or incidental radiation as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA).<\/p>\n\n\n<mimas-block \n        block-name=\"accordion\"\n        role=\"complementary\"\n        aria-label=\"Accordion content\"\n        data-segment=\"all\">\n\n                \n\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Personal-radiation-monitoring-badges\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Personal-radiation-monitoring-badges\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Personal-radiation-monitoring-badges\">Personal radiation monitoring badges<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Personal-radiation-monitoring-badges\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p><em>Required for users of radioactive substances and x-ray or neutron equipment.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>If you work with ionising radiation, you&#8217;ll need to apply for a personal radiation monitoring badge. These badges are issued on a monthly or quarterly basis and monitor exposures from incidental and scattered radiation. The badges are not appropriate for low energy beta emitters such as\u00a0<sup>3<\/sup>H or\u00a0<sup>35<\/sup>S. To obtain a badge\u00a0contact your local <strong>Radiation Safety Supervisor (RSS)<\/strong>. When the badge arrives you can collect it from your RSS or nominated badge coordinator.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Biological-monitoring\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Biological-monitoring\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Biological-monitoring\">Biological monitoring<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Biological-monitoring\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p><em>Required for users routinely handling equal or greater activities per procedure of the following radionuclides: 120 MBq\u00a0<sup>3<\/sup>H, 5 MBq\u00a0<sup>14<\/sup>C, 5 MBq\u00a0<sup>35<\/sup>S or 0.1 MBq\u00a0<sup>125<\/sup>I.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Urinalysis is required for users of\u00a0<sup>3<\/sup>H,\u00a0<sup>14<\/sup>C or\u00a0<sup>35<\/sup>S. Thyroid analysis is required for\u00a0<sup>125<\/sup>I. The frequency of monitoring will be determined by the University Radiation Safety Officer (RSO) for different categories of workers and submitted to the WA Radiological Council for approval.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Contact the Radiation Safety Officer<\/strong>\u00a0for more information.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Wipe-testing\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Wipe-testing\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Wipe-testing\">Wipe testing<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Wipe-testing\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p><em>Required for users of low energy beta emitting unsealed radioactive substances or contamination testing in radioisotope areas with high level background fields.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Groups using unsealed radioisotopes are required to conduct monthly wipe tests of all radioisotope laboratories. A summary of the results of the wipe test must be forwarded to the local RSS and RSO.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/sites\/6\/2018\/06\/wipe-test-results.docx\">Download the instructions and results form for performing a wipe test [.doc 51kB]<\/a><\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-title-Radiation-surveys\">\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"accordion__heading\" aria-controls=\"Radiation-surveys\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            <div class=\"title\" id=\"accordion-title-Radiation-surveys\">Radiation surveys<\/div>\n            <div class=\"icon\"><\/div>\n        <\/button>\n        <div class=\"accordion__content\" id=\"Radiation-surveys\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                    <p><em>Required for users of radioactive substances and x-ray equipment.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>If you&#8217;re using beta and gamma emitting radionuclides, survey your area before and after any procedure involving radionuclides to ensure no contamination is present. A Geiger counter (preferable for betas) or Scintillation monitor (preferable for gammas) is normally used. Clean any contamination immediately.<\/p>\n<p>If you&#8217;re using partially enclosed x-ray units, perform a radiation survey on a monthly basis to check for radiation leakage from the machine. For totally enclosed x-ray units, perform the radiation survey quarterly. The dose at any accessible point 5 cm from the surface must not exceed 25 \u00b5Gy per hour whilst the instrument is operating at maximum power.<\/p>\n\n        \n                            \n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n        \n<\/mimas-block>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Radiation safety officer and supervisors<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Radiation safety supervisors<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If you&#8217;re planning to conduct radiation related work or you have questions about radiation safety, your local Radiation Safety Supervisor is your first point of contact.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"table-block\" data-segment=\"all\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Faculty<\/th><th>School\/area<\/th><th>Name<\/th><th>Contact details<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Science and Engineering<\/td><td>Applied Geology<\/td><td>A\/Prof Fred Jourdan<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9266 2412 Email:&nbsp;F.Jourdan@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Applied Physics and John de Laeter CoE<\/td><td>Miss Ketesse Hansen<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9266 2643 Email:&nbsp;Ketesse.Hansen@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Chemical Engineering<\/td><td>Mr Xiao Hua (Jimmy)<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9266 9242 Email:&nbsp;Xiao.Hua@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Chemistry<\/td><td>Mr Peter Chapman<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9266 3425 Email:&nbsp;P.Chapman@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Civil and Mechanical Engineering<\/td><td>Dr Ray Mahidasht<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9266 7709 Email:&nbsp;Ray.Ghasemi@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Exploration Geophysics<\/td><td>Dr Michael Carson<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9266 4973 Email:&nbsp;Michael.Carson@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Medical Imaging Science Discipline<\/td><td>Dr Curtise Ng<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9266 7314 Email:&nbsp;Curtise.Ng@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health Sciences<\/td><td>Biomedical Sciences<\/td><td>Mr Adrian Paxman<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9266 3402 Email:&nbsp;A.Paxman@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>CHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct (Building 305)<\/td><td>Dr Rob Steuart<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9266 7362 Email:&nbsp;R.Steuart@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Physiotherapy<\/td><td>A\/Prof Kathy Briffa<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9266 3666 Email:&nbsp;Kathy.Briffa@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Public Health<\/td><td>Dr Syed Abbas<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9266 7334 Email:&nbsp;S.Abbas@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Research and Development<\/td><td>Life Sciences Research Facility<\/td><td>Dr Beng Chua<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9266 1827 Email:&nbsp;B.Chua@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kalgoorlie Campus<\/td><td><\/td><td>Dr Bogale Tadesse<\/td><td>Phone: +61 8 9088 6636 Email:&nbsp;Bogale.Tadesse@curtin.edu.au<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sarawak Campus Miri<\/td><td><\/td><td>Mr Kelvin Wong Kin Yin<\/td><td>Phone: +60 85-443939 Email:&nbsp;wongkinyin@curtin.edu.my<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Radiation Safety Officer<\/h2>\n\n\n<section          class=\"block item-list \"\n         role=\"complementary\" aria-label=\"Item list\"\n         data-segment=\"all\">\n\n    \n\n    <div class=\"item-list__grid\" data-layout=\"two\" data-background=\"transparent\"\n    \">\n            <div class=\"item-list__item\">\n            <h3><\/h3>\n\n            \n            <div class=\"item-list__inner\">\n                                    <div class=\"item-list__info\">\n                        \n                        <p>The Radiation Safety Officer (RSO) is a legislated role that coordinates radiation activities at Curtin to ensure compliance with the Radiation Safety Act 1975 and other regulations. The RSO is responsible for instituting and maintaining a system of radiation safety at Curtin and is monitored by the University Radiation Safety Committee, comprising members from across the University.<\/p>\n\n                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n\n                    <\/div>\n            <div class=\"item-list__item\">\n            <h3>Tim Finney<\/h3>\n\n            \n            <div class=\"item-list__inner\">\n                                    <div class=\"item-list__info\">\n                                                    <span>Phone: <\/span>\n                        \n                        <p><a href=\"tel:+61892661708\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">+61 8 9266 1708<\/a><\/p>\n\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"item-list__info\">\n                                                    <span>Email:<\/span>\n                        \n                        <p><a href=\"mailto:HazardousMaterials@curtin.edu.au\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HazardousMaterials@curtin.edu.au<\/a><\/p>\n\n                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n\n                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Apply for radiation project approval Licensing and training for radiation users All projects involving radioactive [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":369,"featured_media":0,"parent":12331,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"_oasis_task_priority":"","footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14263","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-05-21 03:15:21","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"post_tag","extraData":[]},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14263","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/369"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14263"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14263\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20715,"href":"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14263\/revisions\/20715"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12331"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14263"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.curtin.edu.au\/students\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}